A Study on Robust Monitoring Methods for Backend Systems Using Structure-Aware Feature Learning

Abstract

This study proposes a robust monitoring method based on structure-aware feature learning to address the challenges of complex multidimensional feature coupling, dynamically changing dependencies, and diverse anomaly patterns in backend systems. The method builds upon multi-source monitoring data, integrating temporal dynamic features and topological dependency structures to achieve unified system state representation across different time scales and structural hierarchies. First, a feature encoder is employed to extract temporal features and construct a dynamic dependency graph that captures latent structural relationships among service nodes. Second, a structure-aware mechanism and graph propagation layer are introduced to perform cross-node feature fusion and apply dependency consistency constraints, enhancing the model's stability and generalization capability in complex topological environments. Finally, variational regularization and a robust optimization objective are applied to further improve anomaly detection reliability under high noise and non-stationary distributions. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing models across multiple key metrics, including F1-Score, AUROC, and Robust Recall, while maintaining stable monitoring performance under structural perturbations, workload fluctuations, and feature heterogeneity. These results validate the effectiveness of structure-aware feature learning in complex system monitoring tasks, demonstrating its ability to accurately model anomaly propagation paths and achieve system-level semantic recognition in the feature space, thereby providing strong support for building highly reliable and interpretable backend monitoring frameworks.